To make a systemd Linux check its boot disk on startup, you provide a special boot parameter, fsck.mode=force. So in /etc/grub something like:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet fsck.mode=force"
And then remember to update grub.
Source: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-force-fsck-on-the-next-reboot-or-boot-sequence/