"We conclude that there is no 'magic' in nanofluids, and the early promise of nanofluids as an advanced nanoengineered coolant with superior thermal conductivity remains largely unfulfilled," said Jacob Eapen, a graduate student in nuclear science and engineering and lead author of the paper.
For example, Milford Wolpoff and I (2001) showed that the rate of evolution of brain size in Late Pleistocene Neandertals was probably directionally selected. Yet, we could not reject the hypothesis of drift, under the condition that the Neandertal population was as small as 1200 effective individuals. Keep in mind that brain size evolution in humans is one of the most rapid evolutionary trends known for any large mammal! The hypothesis of drift is very hard to refute statistically with paleontological data, particularly in the absence of reliable data about demography.
But, when choosing a top-line prize, think BIG - even if the odds are lower, people will respond better if there are more zeros at the end of the number. Possible approaches could be to concentrate prize money in one prize, to use a playoff system with the possibility that no prize will be awarded (in essence the hole in one strategy), or to participate in a joint promotion with other companies to increase the prize budget.
Instead, researchers have proposed that these paternally imprinted genes may reflect "parental conflict", explained nicely here:
According to this "conflict theory," the paternal genes endeavor to obtain maximum resources from the mother, at the expense of future offspring who may have different fathers... The conflict gets played out most visibly in metabolically costly processes, such as growth and development of the placenta and postnatal feeding of the offspring... [Thus] the paternal genome seems to code for a big placenta and robust offspring.
your goal is still to find the maximum and minimum number of possible matches between patient-donor pairs. Click on lines to select matches and think carefully about the implications of each move. Each pair can be a potential party to many matches, but can only be involved in one actual match. When you successfully maximize and then minimize the matches, a "secret word" will be revealed. For fun we will post (below) the names of ten alumni who successfully complete the puzzle and e-mail the secret word in the subject line to staff member Marge Kastner. She'll post entry number 1, 11, 21, 31, 41, etc. up to 91.
This is consistent with the theory that positive selection may play a role in the persistence of schizophrenia at a frequency of one per cent in human populations around the world, despite its strong effects on reproductive fitness and its high heritability from generation-to-generation. It also provides genetic evidence consistent with the long-standing theory that schizophrenia represents, in part, a maladaptive by-product of adaptive changes during human evolution - possibly to do with aspects of creativity and human cognition.
Läs mer: rapport från UNICEF (pdf)
http://www.unicef.org/media/files/ChildPovertyReport.pdf
The new genome, Dr. Venter's team reports, makes clear that the variation in the genetic programming carried by an individual is much greater than expected. In at least 44 percent of Dr. Venter's genes, the copies inherited from his mother differ from those inherited from his father, according to the analysis published in Tuesday's issue of PLoS Biology.
Det här påminner ju lite om barnuppfostran, man ska inte säga vad barnen inte skall göra, utan istället föregå med gott exempel.
When University of Michigan social psychologist Norbert Schwarz had volunteers read the CDC flier, however, he found that within 30 minutes, older people misremembered 28 percent of the false statements as true. Three days later, they remembered 40 percent of the myths as factual.
Younger people did better at first, but three days later they made as many errors as older people did after 30 minutes. Most troubling was that people of all ages now felt that the source of their false beliefs was the respected CDC.
Lean mass in general is one major defining predictor of longevity. The concept of dying of "natural causes" is, in reality, better described as "dying from organ failure due to loss of organ reserve and lean tissue." Organ reserve (the functional capacity of any or all organs necessary to support life) and skeletal muscle mass tend to increase or decrease together depending on the stimulus or lack of it.
So, as a rule of thumb, anything you do to build muscle generally tends also to build or improve other tissue, including vital organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, etc). Similarly, anything you do to diminish muscle tends likewise to have a negative effect on organ reserve. We call it "atrophy." Of course, the old adage "use it or lose it" has significance here, since it is presumed that by moving about, by doing work and generally being "vital" you give your body a reason to "adapt" to the work.
Furthermore, because your muscles are generally fed either directly or indirectly by those organs, they are also called upon to adapt and stay vital. Stay in bed for a few weeks and you'll lose both muscle mass and organ reserve. If you are young, you can build both back with diet and minimal exercise. If you are old, it's often the beginning of the end.
Robert Mugabe is to lose vital support from one of his few remaining allies on the world stage, China. One of the Zimbabwe president's oldest diplomatic friends, China yesterday told Lord Malloch Brown, the Foreign Office minister, that it was dropping all assistance except humanitarian aid.
Their resoluteness should not be surprising. And there is nothing novel about the regime's response. But the resounding silence of the United Nations is hard to fathom. Secretary General Ban Ki Moon and his special envoy for Myanmar, Ibrahim Gambari, have had two months to reflect on a June warning about Burma sounded by the International Committee of the Red Cross. Not since it denounced the Rwanda genocide of 1994 has the Red Cross issued such a public condemnation of a government's behavior. Myanmar's autocratic military rulers have destroyed more villages in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities than have been razed in Darfur. Its partnership in the narcotics trade has helped spread addiction and HIV/AIDS infection to neighbors.
“One reason cats are so susceptible to secondhand smoke is because of their grooming habits. Cats constantly lick themselves while grooming, therefore they lick up the cancer-causing carcinogens that accumulate on their fur,” MacAllister said. “This grooming behavior exposes the mucous membrane of their mouth to the cancer-causing carcinogens.” Malignant lymphoma is another type of cancer that cats that live with smokers have a higher risk of getting. This cancer occurs in the lymph nodes and cats are twice as likely to have this type of cancer compared to cats living in a non-smoking home. This form of cancer is fatal to three out of four cats within 12 months of developing the cancer.
Devising that sort of mash-up, which handles multiple data sources to produce a customized solution, is typically the province of a professional. But the new systems are designed, their creators say, so people with modest technical skills can tailor applications to their needs — while writing little or no code.
In a different study (Strack & Mussweiler; pdf) asked one set of participants "Did Gandhi live to the age of 140?" The participants presumably all responded, "No." The second question was to estimate how long Gandhi lived. The average estimate was 67. The second group of participants was first asked "Did Gandhi live past the age of 9." Again, presumably everybody replied correctly. On the second question, they estimated on average that Gandhi lived to 50. There are many other examples. This is why experts will tell you that polls are next to meaningless unless you know the exact wording of the question. It's not subliminal mind control like in the movies, but manipulating people's decisions (or, at least their answers to surveys) is fairly easy.
Wikileaks is developing an uncensorable Wikipedia for untraceable mass document leaking and participatory analysis. Our primary interests are oppressive regimes in Asia, the former Soviet bloc, Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, but we expect to be of assistance to peoples of all countries who wish to reveal unethical behavior in their governments and corporations.
Towards the end of the video, the robot conceptualizes itself, determining its own structure using sensors built into each joint. Then, it thinks of different ways that it might move - walk - from place to place.
Intuitively, even though a quantum computer in some sense involves exponentially many paths or “parallel universes,” the single universe that happened on the answer can’t shout above all the other universes: “hey, over here!” It can only gradually make the others aware of its presence.
"For several months, I thought I was just failing," says Clark. "I kept administering antibiotics, but every single Wolbachia gene I tested for was still there. I started thinking maybe the strain had grown antibiotic resistance. After months of this I finally went back and looked at the tissue again, and there was no Wolbachia there at all." Clark had cured the fly of the parasite, but a copy of the parasite's genome was still present in the fly's genome. Clark was able to see that Wolbachia genes were present on the second chromosome of the insect.